Author: ["Kathryn S Jones","Cari Petrow-Sadowski","Ying K Huang","Daniel C Bertolette","Francis W Ruscetti"]
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Abstract
Cell-free human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) virions are poorly infectious in vitro for their primary target cells, CD4+ T cells. Here, we show that HTLV-1 can efficiently infect myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs). Moreover, DCs exposed to HTLV-1, both before and after being productively infected, can rapidly, efficiently and reproducibly transfer virus to autologous primary CD4+ T cells. This DC-mediated transfer of HTLV-1 involves heparan sulfate proteoglycans and neuropilin-1 and results in long-term productive infection and interleukin-2–independent transformation of the CD4+ T cells. These studies, along with observations of HTLV-1–infected DCs in the peripheral blood of infected individuals, indicate that DCs have a central role in HTLV-1 transmission, dissemination and persistence in vivo. In addition to altering the current paradigm concerning how HTLV-1 transmission occurs, these studies suggest that impairment of DC function after HTLV-1 infection plays a part in pathogenesis.Cite this article
Jones, K., Petrow-Sadowski, C., Huang, Y. et al. Cell-free HTLV-1 infects dendritic cells leading to transmission and transformation of CD4+ T cells. Nat Med 14, 429–436 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1745 