Author: ["Aaron P Rapoport","Edward A Stadtmauer","Nicole Aqui","Ashraf Badros","Julio Cotte","Lisa Chrisley","Elizabeth Veloso","Zhaohui Zheng","Sandra Westphal","Rebecca Mair","Nina Chi","Bashi Ratterree","Mary Francis Pochran","Sabrina Natt","Joanne Hinkle","Cheryl Sickles","Ambika Sohal","Kathleen Ruehle","Christian Lynch","Lei Zhang","David L Porter","Selina Luger","Chuanfa Guo","Hong-Bin Fang","William Blackwelder","Kim Hankey","Dean Mann","Robert Edelman","Carl Frasch","Bruce L Levine","Alan Cross","Carl H June"]
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Abstract
Immunodeficiency is a barrier to successful vaccination in individuals with cancer and chronic infection. We performed a randomized phase 1/2 study in lymphopenic individuals after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myeloma. Combination immunotherapy consisting of a single early post-transplant infusion of in vivo vaccine-primed and ex vivo costimulated autologous T cells followed by post-transplant booster immunizations improved the severe immunodeficiency associated with high-dose chemotherapy and led to the induction of clinically relevant immunity in adults within a month after transplantation. Immune assays showed accelerated restoration of CD4 T-cell numbers and function. Early T-cell infusions also resulted in significantly improved T-cell proliferation in response to antigens that were not contained in the vaccine, as assessed by responses to staphylococcal enterotoxin B and cytomegalovirus antigens (P < 0.05). In the setting of lymphopenia, combined vaccine therapy and adoptive T-cell transfer fosters the development of enhanced memory T-cell responses.Cite this article
Rapoport, A., Stadtmauer, E., Aqui, N. et al. Restoration of immunity in lymphopenic individuals with cancer by vaccination and adoptive T-cell transfer. Nat Med 11, 1230–1237 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1310 